上海燎原國際高中小小讀書會(Literature Circle)成效大大的

提高學(xué)生閱讀理解能力和參與度，來自一線教師的實踐總結(jié)

讀書會愛閱讀，愛生活正視閱讀難題

Most English language learners often say that reading, which is a vital element of language learning, is boring and difficult. That being said there are a large number of students who struggle with reading. Some lack interest and others simply have difficulty understanding what they are reading. Comprehension and motivation are two critical factors when it comes to the success of struggling readers.

閱讀是語言學(xué)習(xí)的重要組成，但大多數(shù)英語學(xué)習(xí)者常常覺得閱讀枯燥乏味，很難。雖然這樣，依然有大批學(xué)生跟閱讀死磕著，誓要征服閱讀難關(guān)。也有一些學(xué)生對閱讀根本提不起興趣，也很難理解所閱讀的文章究竟在講什么。對于那些在閱讀理解方面有困難的同學(xué)，理解能力和學(xué)習(xí)動機是克服閱讀難關(guān)的兩大要素。

▼ 文科教研會上，主任教師 Kimberly 與各位老師一起探討如何提高學(xué)生閱讀能力，初次提出“讀書會”的概念

“讀書會”妙想

Diving into literature circles has been a tremendously new experience for me. My aim was to create a different atmosphere of practicing language with a more realistic purpose in a more authentic environment and to have students to be able to personalize, think about, and analyze text. I wanted to see if literature circles provide an exciting way to promote student engagement in extensive reading by means of cooperative learning and collaborative work, increase foreign language competence and offer the potential to promote reading for enjoyment.

在學(xué)生中深入開展讀書會，對我而言是一個全新的教學(xué)體驗。我開展閱讀會的目的，在于為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一個富有創(chuàng)意的、不同尋常的語言操練環(huán)境，讓學(xué)生能夠在一個更加真實的語言學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境中，取得力所能及的進步，而不會在過高的目標(biāo)面前望而卻步，這樣學(xué)生能夠按自己的節(jié)奏思考、分析文章。我希望通過讀書會中所提倡的合作學(xué)習(xí)和協(xié)同**的方式，來提高閱讀的趣味性，使學(xué)生能夠較大程度地參與到泛讀的過程中，這樣能夠逐步提高學(xué)生的外語能力，將令學(xué)生頭疼的閱讀變?yōu)橐环N享受和樂趣。

▼Kimberly 提出“讀書會”的概念后，老師們分組討論

“讀書會”是啥?

The term ‘literature circles’ in the English classroom refers to; a student-centered activity of small groups of students reading the same piece of literature to accomplish different tasks like preparing questions, reporting challenging vocabulary, finding cultural items, determining the well written parts or making connections with the present-day society.

在英語課堂中，“讀書會(literature circles)”這一課堂用語是指，以學(xué)生為中心的小組閱讀活動，同一組內(nèi)的同學(xué)閱讀同一文學(xué)作品，并合作完成不同的閱讀任務(wù)，比如整理相關(guān)問題、找出具有挑戰(zhàn)性的詞匯、找出富有文化特色的詞條、標(biāo)注出寫得好的部分、或者將文本中所講的內(nèi)容與當(dāng)下社會做。

▼ 圍成圈圈，讀起來

不要太贊

The teachers in the Liberal Arts and Humanities Department learned that literature circles take an individual act and turns it into a social one where students create meaning with other students by enhancing student motivation, provide real-life context for engaging literate conversations, and promote thoughtful literacy. Students are not left to guess or figure things out on their own; rather, they are supported by their teacher and peers to do well.

人文科學(xué)部門的老師在踐行“讀書會”的過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)在“讀書會”活動將閱讀變?yōu)樯缃?，閱讀不再局限于個人，學(xué)生需要與其他同學(xué)一起閱讀，去領(lǐng)會理解文章內(nèi)容，因此學(xué)生的積極性大大提高了。同時“讀書會”為學(xué)生提供了一個參與文學(xué)對話的真實環(huán)境，提倡對文本的深入思考。學(xué)生不用再自己苦苦猜測或絞盡腦汁思考文章究竟在講什么，他們有了來自老師和其他同學(xué)的支持。

▼ 相互交流，收獲大

找對方法，事半功倍

The students in grade 11 were monitored for two weeks and were observed working cooperatively in small groups. The groups of students participated in specific roles throughout their reading and upon completion of the reading and reading role, then students would come together to discuss what they have read. Students were accountable to one another, and they did hold each other responsible for being prepared for the group discussion. I have watched students become very frustrated and express their disappointment with a peer who came unprepared, and it rarely happened a second time. These discussions became authentic, important and meaningful opportunities for students to discuss, debate and engage with each other about the text.

在對11年級學(xué)生長達兩周的聽課過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)小組內(nèi)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的合作。每個小組的同學(xué)在閱讀過程中扮演者不同的角色，在完成自己的閱讀任務(wù)后，他們能夠在一起展開富有成效的討論。組內(nèi)成員相互之間分工明確，通過我的觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們都能夠很好地完成自己的分工任務(wù)，積極參與到小組地討論匯總中。當(dāng)然有的小組配合可能不那么成功，有的同**抱怨沒有準(zhǔn)備好的同學(xué)拖了后腿，但一般這樣的情況不會再次出現(xiàn)。小組討論為同學(xué)們提供了真實的、重要而有意義的平臺，讓同學(xué)們通過討論、辯論，分享觀點、共同合作、交流文章。

▼ G11-3 學(xué)生實踐“讀書會”

實踐出真知

I realize it is crucial for students to have a voice in their learning. Without that voice many become disengaged. Lack of motivation is a real problem in schools and it is up to educators to continue working hard to reach their students. As I continue my journey as an educator I look forward to the opportunities to improve my teachings for my students. They are the reason I am here in the first place. Students today are the leaders of tomorrow and in order for them to build a successful future they need to have the proper tools. Literature circles are magic in that they have the power to transform foreign language learners from passive, rather shy, quiet students into students who eagerly point at their texts in order to support their arguments while sharing their opinions in English.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓學(xué)生主動參與教學(xué)過程，表達他們自己的聲音，也是非常重要的。沒有來自學(xué)生的聲音，教學(xué)就脫離了學(xué)生這個主體。學(xué)生缺乏學(xué)習(xí)積極性是很多學(xué)校普遍存在的一個現(xiàn)實問題，如何能夠真正觸及到學(xué)生，讓學(xué)生真正全身心投入課堂中，取決于每個教育**者是否能夠努力探索這樣的教學(xué)方法。作為一名將教育視為終身事業(yè)的教育**者，我一直都在不斷探索各式各樣的教學(xué)方法，來提高我的教學(xué)水平。我之所以為老師正是因為肩負(fù)著“傳道授業(yè)”的重任。今天的學(xué)生是明天的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，他們需要恰當(dāng)?shù)墓ぞ邘椭麄兂删兔魈斓妮x煌。閱讀會的魔力，就在于能夠?qū)⒈粍?、害羞、不善言談的學(xué)生，轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椋瑸榱酥巫约旱恼擖c而焦急地指著文中的論據(jù)，激烈地用英語辯論、分享觀點的學(xué)生。

▼ 將“讀書會”滲透到生活中

學(xué)生反饋

by YangYang from G11-2

Lately,our literature teacher Kim invented a new learning form for a betterunderstanding of To Kill A Mocking Bird,which is the novel we have been reading recently. Everyone reads the same chapter.Then we are asked to go into different groups for different tasks. We have jobslike asking questions you don't understand during the chapter, giving a summaryof the chapter, etc. There is also some other interesting work. My task in thegroup is to find two paragraphs in one chapter, which I think will be interestingor important to share with my classmates.

最近，我們的文學(xué)老師Kim發(fā)明了一種新的教學(xué)方法，用來幫助我們學(xué)生更好地學(xué)習(xí)我們學(xué)的小說《殺死一只知更鳥》這本書。大家讀一個新篇章，然后我們分成不同的小組，每個人都有不同的任務(wù)。有人要提出兩三個具有建設(shè)性的問題，有人要對這一章內(nèi)容做出概括。除此之外還有別的有趣的**，比如我的任務(wù)是要找出章節(jié)中我感興趣的兩段分享給同學(xué)。

At class, we first have 10 minutes for discussing in groups. We talk to our groupmates and share our opinions on the content. After that, everyone will get an opportunity to share their opinions tothe class.

在課堂上，我們首先有10分鐘時間進行小組討論。大家各抒己見，議論紛紛。接著每個人都有機會上講臺發(fā)言和全班分享自己的看法。

We'veoperated like this for two weeks. I find it interesting. In this way, everyonehas a chance to show their upsides and downsides of their understanding. And wecan learn the novel more thoroughly. I like this new method and I enjoyliterature class time, actually I always do.

我們已經(jīng)像這樣操作了兩周了，我認(rèn)為這很有趣。這樣的小組討論法讓我們每個人都有機會發(fā)言分享，我們也會更深入地了解這本書。我喜歡這個新方法，我也更喜歡文學(xué)課啦，雖然我一直很喜歡。

學(xué)生反饋

by Angela from G11-2

Recently,our literature class got some special changes. When we studied the new book: To Kill a Mockingbird, Kim got a new wayfor us to learn things. So the way is that two or three of us were separatedinto small groups, and got our own job. There were five different roles intotal. We discussed in the group first then talked about it as a class.

最近在學(xué)習(xí)：“殺死一只反舌鳥”的過程中，我們的文學(xué)課有了一些變化，文學(xué)老師Kim為我們提供了一種嶄新的學(xué)習(xí)方式。我們被三三兩兩的分組，然后有我們各自分別的作業(yè)去完成。一共有五種類型的分組，我們先組內(nèi)討論然后再班級討論。

The first role I got was Discussion Director, we thought about some questionsof this new chapter then analyzed the possible answer. We did it for 1 week, afterthat we changed another role, the next one for me was Literary Luminary. Ishould highlight important things in this chapter.

我**個得到的分組是在看了文章后提出一些問題，然后討論有可能的回答。做了一周之后我們調(diào)換了分組，第二個我的分組是去劃出文章中一些重要的片段。

Actually those different roles help us learn better, while we readthrough the whole chapter, we have a more specific aim than before. We knowexactly what we should do, also can get more detailed information from theclass discussion time. In addition, we don’t do the same thing all the time isthe point I should mentioned. We try different ways to learn those literaturethings every week, so it won’t become boring.

其實這些不同的分組很大程度上的幫助了我們學(xué)習(xí)，我們讀書的時候，有了比以前更加清晰的目標(biāo)。我們完全知道讀完書后自己該做什么，也能從之后的課堂討論中得到更多細節(jié)的消息。另外，我們會換分組也是我要提的一點，這使我不會因為一直在一個分組而覺得很無聊。

Anyway, those new activitiesmake me feel delighted for learning literature. I look forward for more creativelearning style like this.

不論怎么說，這些新的活動使我覺得學(xué)習(xí)文學(xué)很開心。我期待更多像這個一般有趣的學(xué)習(xí)方式。

學(xué)生反饋

by Sammi from G11-2

This semester we have a new book To Kill aMockingbird. It’s a good book about unfairness and prejudice in early America.Recently, our literature class has some new fun activities. The one that I lovethe most is literature role. Our teacher Kim separates us into different groupsand each group member has their own role. There are five roles in total, usuallywe discuss with our group first and then say it in front of the class.

這個學(xué)期我們學(xué)習(xí)了一本新的小說——《殺死一只反舌鳥》。這本書很好的反映了美國從前的不公平和偏見。這段時間里我們有許多有趣的課堂活動，我最喜歡的就是文學(xué)討論小組的活動。我們的老師Kim將我們分配到不同的小組，并且每個組員都有他們自己的任務(wù)。我們一共有五個分組，通常我們會先進行小組討論接著再和全班同學(xué)分享。

At the beginning, I was the discussion director. I need to think aboutsome questions of chapters we read and ask my group members. During the courseI share my ideas with my classmates and got a chance to express myself. Now I’mthe Literature Luminary. My job is to find interesting things of the book.

最開始我是討論領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。我需要找到一些有趣的問題然后對我的組員進行提問。在這個過程中我和我的組員交流分享了我的想法并且得到了表達我自己的機會?，F(xiàn)在我的**是將文章中的重點劃出來分享。

Myopinions towards this activity are:

1. It's a great opportunity tosee things from others points of view. I can tell from other’s words andunderstand my classmates’ thoughts.

2. I have a chance to express myself and share my ownthoughts of this novel with my classmates.

3. For our class, it’s also a good way to communicatewith others and improve our teamwork skills.

在這個課堂活動中我有一下幾點心得體會：

1. 這是一個從別人的觀點考慮問題的機會。我可以從同學(xué)的語言中明白理解他們的想法。

2. 我有一個很好的機會和我的同學(xué)分享表達我的想法。

3. 對于我們整個班級來說，這種課堂活動是與互相交流和提高團隊活動能力的好方法。

Finally, I want to thanks our teacher for giving ussuch a awesome activity during the class to help us understand the novel in aninteresting way.

最后我想謝謝老師在課堂上給我們這樣一個非常棒的活動，來幫助我們用一個更加有趣的方法來理解這篇文章。

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